Unknown spectral lines emitted by the corona were similarly credited to a new element “coronium” until Edlen showed that they came from the familiar atoms of iron, nickel and calcium, after they had lost an appreciable number of electrons (e.g. 13 or 14 for iron). Such high levels of ionization require the atoms to be buffeted around by extremely high temperatures, around 1,000,000 C (1,800,000 F).
The source of the corona’s heat remains a puzzle. It is almost certain that its energy comes from the Sun’s internal furnace, which also supplies the rest of the Sun’s heat. However, as a rule, temperatures are expected to drop the further one gets from the furnace, whereas the million-degree corona lies outside the surface layer where sunlight originates, whose temperature is less that 6000 C.
The Corona in X-ray Light
All hot objects emit electromagnetic waves–for example, visible light is emitted by the hot filament inside a lightbulb. The hotter the object, the shorter the wavelength, which is why the corona emits “soft x rays,” whose waves are much shorter than those of visible or ultra-violet light.
Click HERE for a full size version of this image |
The corona has been observed in these wavelengths by, among others, the space station Skylab in 1973-4 and more recently by the Japanese spacecraft Yohkoh, which provided the picture shown below. The corona in such pictures appears quite uneven. It is brightest near sunspots, whose arched field lines apparently hamper the outflow of solar wind which carries away energy and helps cool the corona. It is darker in “coronal holes” in between, where field lines apparently extend out to distant space, making it easier for the solar wind to escape.
Passport Holder/Cover OR Luggage Tag | Balloon House | Adventure is out there!
(as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)PEGAI Personalized Leather, Passport Holder For Travel | Handmade Passport Wallet Cover Case | Travel Document Holder, Passport Cover for Men, Women, and Family | Pike (Cinnamon Brown)
$42.97 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)I am a Queen Fashion Passport Holder for women pink eco leather cover stylish girl in dress design
$12.89 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)PEGAI Personalized Leather Passport Holder Cover Wallet Travel Essentials | 100% Soft Touch Rustic Travel Wallet Case, International Travel Must Haves | DeKalb (Rock Gray)
$31.98 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Personalized Natural Leather Luxury Passport Holder Book • Custom Travel Wallet with Name Monogram Initials • Unisex Brown Leather Passport Sleeve for Men (Passport Holder)
$33.00 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Personalized Leather Passport Cover Holder and Luggage Tag Set for Women with Flower Birth and Name, Custom Engraved Passport Cover Suitcase Tag with Name | Teal
$24.95 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)PEGAI Standard Full Grain Crazy Horse Leather Passport Holder | Custom Travel Passport Cover & Organizer | Handcrafted Leather Passport Wallet for Men and Women | Pike (Charcoal)
$42.97 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Genuine Leather Personalized Passport Holder, Engraved with Monogram or Initials, Travel Wallet, Father's Day Gift, Christmas gift for Travel lovers (Passport Holder & Luggage Tag Set)
$55.00 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Personalized Leather Field Notes Wallet, Field Notes Cover, Passport Wallet, Handmade in Arizona
$79.99 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Monogrammed Custom Leather Passport Cover. 9 Designs and 5 Colors. Personalized Passport Holder With Name, for Women and Men, Travel Gift, Gift For Him, Her, Spouse, Honeymoon. Engraved Passport
$21.99 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Zoomoni Premium Purse Organizer Insert For LV Alma BB, Neo Alma BB, Neo Alma PM, Alma PM, Alma GM (Handmade/20 Color Options) [Purse Organiser, Liner, Insert, Shaper]
$35.00 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Divitize Conversion Kit compatible with Monogram Clutch, Insert with 120cm - 47" inches Premium Gold Chain, Wristlet Insert Wallet on Chain (Black)
$39.00 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Divitize Premium Purse Organizer for Mini Anjou Bag Organizer Insert, fits Anjou PM Organizer, Anjou GM Insert, Handmade 2mm Thick Oval Shaped Felt Snug Sturdy Silver Zipper (For Anjou Mini, Black)
$35.00 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Divitize Premium Bag Organizer for Nice bb Organizer Insert, Handmade Liner Protector Fits Nice Mini Vanity PM Organizer, Nice Makeup Bag Felt Snug Sturdy Fit (Nice BB, Beige)
$35.00 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Divitize Premium Insert fits Book Tote Organizer Medium, Small Book Tote Organizer Insert Best Fit Detailed Size, Large Book Tote Bag Organizer Premium Felt Handmade (For Large Book Tote, Beige)
$35.00 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Divitize Purse Organizer for Artois MM Bag Organizer, Artois PM Bag Organizer, Artois MM Insert, Handmade 2mm Wool Premium Felt Insert with Silver Zipper Snug Sturdy Fit (For Artois MM, Beige)
$36.00 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Personalized Checkbook Covers, Checkbook Holder
$24.95 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Personalized Wallet for Men - Top Grain Leather Wallet with Engraved Name & initial -Custom in 5 Colors & 6 Designs- Ideal Gift for Husband, Groomsman, Son, Boyfriend, Anniversaries & Christmas- USA
$24.90 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Purse Organizer for Lv Loop Hobo Bag Insert, Lv Loop Hobo GM Bag Organizer, Handmade 2mm Premium Felt Snug Sturdy Gold Zipper (For Loop Hobo GM, Brown)
$34.99 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Divitize Conversion Kit with Chain compatible with Pochette Kirigami, Insert with O Rings, Full Set of 3 Inserts with 120cm - 47" inches Gold Chain, Premium Quality (All 3 Inserts + 120cm Gold Chain)
$39.00 (as of December 23, 2024 00:20 GMT +00:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Auto Amazon Links: No products found. Blocked by captcha.